Auto Maintenance
汽车保养
Auto maintenance describes the act of inspecting or testing the condition of car subsystems (e.g., engine) and servicing or replacing parts and fluids. Regular maintenance is critical to ensure the safety, reliability, drivability, comfort and longevity of a car. During preventive maintenance, a number of parts are replaced to avoid major damage or for safety reasons,& timing belt replacement.
汽车保养是指检查或测试汽车子系统(如发动机) ,维修或更换部件和汽油。定期保养是非常重要的,可确保汽车的安全性,可靠性,驾驶性,舒适性和延长其使用年限。在预防性维护期间,一些零件被更换,以避免严重损坏,或为了确保安全,例如:更换同步齿型带。
The actual schedule of car maintenance varies depending on the year, make, and model of a car, its driving conditions and driver behavior. Car makers recommend the so-called extreme or the ideal service schedule based on impact parameters such as
number of trips and distance traveled per trip per day
extreme hot or cold climate conditions
mountainous, dusty or de-iced roads
heavy stop-and-go vs. long-distance cruising
towing a trailer or other heavy load
汽车维修周期因汽车的制造年份、构造、车型、驾驶情况和驾驶员行为的不同而不同。汽车制造商所推荐的所谓极端理想维修周期是根据一系列影响参数,如:
旅行的次数和每天每趟旅行的距离
旅行的次数和每天每趟旅行的距离
特别热或特别冷的气候条件
多山、多尘或除冰的道路
多山、多尘或除冰的道路
不断地走走停停与长途旅行
牵引拖车或其他重负荷物体
牵引拖车或其他重负荷物体
Experienced service advisors in dealerships and independent shops recommend schedule intervals, which are often in between the ideal or extreme service schedule. They base it on the driving conditions and behavior of the car owner or driver.
Common car maintenance tasks include:
Car wash
check/replace the engine oil and replace oil filters
check/replace fuel filters
inspect or replace windshield wipers
check or refill windshield washer fluid
inspect tires for pressure and wear
Tire balancing
Tire rotation
Wheel alignment
check, clean or replace battery terminals and top up battery fluid
inspect or replace brake pads
check or flush brake fluid
check or flush transmission fluid
check or flush power steering fluid
汽车缓冲器check and flush engine coolant
inspect or replace spark plugs
inspect or replace air filter
inspect or replace timing belt and other belts
lubricate locks, latches, hinges
check all lights
tighten chassis nuts and bolts
check if rubber boots are cracked and need replacement
test electronics,&, Anti-lock braking system or ABS
read fault codes from the Engine control unit
洗车
检查/更换机油,更换滤油器
检查/更换燃油滤清器
检查/更换燃油滤清器
检查或更换风挡刮水器
检查或补充风挡液
检查轮胎的压力和磨损
检查轮胎的压力和磨损
轮胎动平衡
轮胎换位
车轮定位
车轮定位
检查、清洗或更换蓄电池端子和加满电池液
检查或更换制动衬片
检查或冲洗制动器油
检查或冲洗传动油
检查或清洗动力转向液
检查和冲洗发动机冷却液
检查或更换火花塞
检查或更换空气过滤器
检查或更换空气过滤器
检查或更换同步齿带和其他皮带
润滑锁、止动销、铰链
检查所有的灯
拧紧底盘螺母和螺栓
检查橡胶靴是否破裂,需要更换
测试电子设备,如防抱死制动器系统或ABS
从发动机控制器上读取故障码
Some tasks that have equivalent service intervals are combined into one single service known as a tune-up. In modern cars, where electronics control most of the car's functions, the traditional tune-
up doesn't apply anymore. Maintenance jobs like a tune-up used to mean getting the engine's performance back on track. Today embedded software takes care of it by constantly checking thousands of sensor signals, compensating for worn-out spark plugs, clogged filters, etc. The so-called limp-home function allows driving on limited power when the engine is in trouble. In the old days this might have meant a breakdown.
有一些任务具有相等的服务间隔,这些服务间隔被组合成一项被称为调整的单一的服务。现代的汽车,电子控制汽车的大部分功能,不再适用传统的调整了。像调整这样的维护工作过去意味着使发动机的性能重回正轨。今天的嵌入式软件通过检查成千上万的传感器信号来维护发动机,补偿磨损的火花塞,阻塞的滤清器等。所谓的一拐一拐地回家的功能允许发动机出状况时使用有限的能量行驶。在过去,这可能就意味着汽车出故障了。
In some countries, the completed services are recorded in a service book which is rubber-stamped by the service center upon ompletion of each service. A complete service history usually adds to the resale value of a vehicle.
在一些国家,服务完成后会记录在一个服务簿上,每完成一项服务服务中心将加盖橡皮图章在服务簿上。一个完整的服务历史通常增加至车辆的转售价值。
在一些国家,服务完成后会记录在一个服务簿上,每完成一项服务服务中心将加盖橡皮图章在服务簿上。一个完整的服务历史通常增加至车辆的转售价值。
car wash
A car wash (also written as "carwash") or auto wash is a facility used to clean the exterior and, in some cases, the interior of motor vehicles.
While there are many types of car washes, most fall into the following categories:
Hand car wash facilities, where the vehicle is washed by employees.
Self-service facilities, which are generally coin-operated, where the customer does the washing, including "jet washing".
In-bay automatics, which consist of an automatic machine that rolls back and forth over a stationary vehicle - often seen at filling stations and stand-alone wash sites.
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