上海帕萨特B5电子燃油喷射系统的故障诊断与分析
摘要本文从发动机的基础知识入手,以我们最常见的、应用较广泛的电控燃油喷射系统为例,较系统地介绍了汽油电控燃油喷射技术的发展历程,汽油电控燃油喷射系统的类型、结构组成、工作原理,较详细地介绍了帕萨特B5轿车电控燃油喷射系统组成与工作原理,描述了帕萨特B5轿车的故障诊断与分析。文章内容具有较强的针对性与实用性,电子控制燃油喷射装置是在电子控制单元的自动控制下,通过电控喷油器将发动机所需要的燃油成雾状地喷射到汽油发动机的进气歧管内或气缸内,然后与空气混合形成可燃混合气。电子控制燃油喷射系统与传统化油器燃油供给系统相比,由于原理上全然不同,因而结构上也面目全非。所以在分析故障和进行维修时,与常规方法有很大的不同。可作为汽车维修入门的参考资料。
关键词电控燃油喷射系统轿车油耗  结构  工作原理  故障诊断与分析
Shanghai Passat B5 Electronic Fuel Injection System's Fault Diagnosis and Analysis
Abstract This article from the basic knowledge of the engine, to our most common, application widespread electronic-control fuel injection system as an example, the article sy
stematically introduces gasoline electronic-control fuel injection technology development history, gasoline electronic-control fuel injection system types, structure, working principle, a particulared introduction passat B5 car electronic-control fuel injection system composition and working principle, describes the passatB5 car fault diagnosis and analysis, the article content with strong pertinence and practicability, the electronic control fuel injection device is in electronic control unit under control, automatic control by the engine injector needed fuel into mist shape to jet to gasoline engine intake manifold or inside cylinders, then mixed with air mixture formation. The electronic control fuel injection system and the traditional carburetor fuel supplying system, because compared the principle, and the different structural ulterly changed also. So in failure analysis and maintenance, and conventional methods are quite different. Can be used as automobile maintenance introductory reference material.
Key words:Electronic Fuel Injection System; Structure; Working Principle; Fault Diagnosis and Analysis
引  言
电子技术的迅速发展,另一方面汽车排放法规逐步严格、燃油价格不断上涨,采用电子控制技术使汽车满足最新法规的要求。因此电喷系统在汽车上得到了普及和应用。使用电喷技术的发动机能保证进入各缸的混合气的质和量都比较均匀,其中电控单元可以根据各传感器所提供的信号快速精确的修正供油量,减少HC的排放,降低油耗。
电控燃油喷射系统在汽车上的大量应用,大幅度提高了汽车的综合性能,但由于结构复杂,电控汽车的使用和检修问题就日益突出,因此正确使用、维护、诊断和分析能够保持电控发动机良好的技术状态显得十分重要。