2021高中英语语法复习必备--历年高考真题详细分类归纳讲解析与练习--虚拟语气局部
英语动词可有三种不同的语气：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。
1.陈述语气：陈述一个事实，或提出一个看法，有肯定、否认、疑问或感慨等形式。My favorite sport is swimming.
Did it rain all day yesterday?
What a good boy he is!
2.祈使语气：表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。Be careful!
Don’t forget to clos e the window.
Let’s go to the park this Sunday.
3.虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、建议、疑心或推测。
If I were you, I should study English harder.(表假设)
I wish every family had a house of their own. (表愿望)
The doctor advised that he (should) take exercise regularly.〔表建议〕
It is surprising that he should be such a foolish man.
他竟然这么愚蠢，真是令人吃惊！〔表感到意外〕
He can’t have arrived, for his car broke down on the way. 他不可能已经到了，因为他的车坏在路上。〔推测〕
第1讲用相应的过去时态表示“愿望〞
考点1.wish之后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气
hope后面跟宾语从句时，只能用陈述语气：
I hope you will have a good trip there.
wish后面跟从句时只能用虚拟语气，表示“愿望〞，与事实相反。本来是一般现在时的，要用成一般过去时；本来是一般过去时的，要用成过去完成时。
①I wish I remembered the address.②I wish you had written to him.③I wish you would stop asking silly questions.
1.【2002上海】How I wish every family ______    a large house with    a beautiful garden!
A. has
B. had
C. will have
D. had had
2.【2021北京】—Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely
ruined.
—I wish they ______ always late.
A. weren’t
B. hadn’t been
C. wouldn’t be
D. wouldn’t have been
3.I wish I ______ you yesterday.
A. saw
B. did see
C. had seen
D. were to see
4.I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I ______ there.
A. was
B. were
C. had been
D. went
考点2.if only上海清风车友会
only if 表示“只有〞; if only那么表示“如果……就好了〞。
I wake up only if the alarm clock rings.只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。
If only the alarm clock had rung.
要是闹钟响了就好了！
表示现在的情况，应用过去
式；如果是过去的情况，应用过去完成时态。if only 也可用于陈述语气。
If only I had listened to your advice, things wouldn’t have gone so wrong.
5.【2003上海春】Look at the trouble I am in! If only I ______ your advice. A. followed B. would followC. had followed
D. should follow
6.If only Grandmother ______ this together with us now.
A. will see
B. could see
C. must see
D. should see
7.I would get it for you ______ I could remember who last borrowed it.
A. on condition that
B. except that
C. if only
D. considering whether
考点3.It’s (high/about) time that…
It is (high/about) time
that后谓语用过去式或“should＋动词原形〔should不能省略〕〞表示“愿望〞，含有抱怨或批评之意，意为“早就该做某事了〞。
It is time that the government took action. It is about time that the government took action.It is high time that the government took action. It is (about high) time that the government should take action.
但不可说It is high time that the government take action.因为should不能省略。
8.It is high time the child ______ to the hospital. A. is sentB. would be sentC. be sentD. was sent 9.Isn’t it about time that you ______ to pick up the visitors from New York?
A. gone
B. should go
C. go
D. will go
10.It is time that the government ______ measures to protect the rare birds and animals. A. takesB. took
C. has taken
D. taking
11.【2021辽宁】Jack is a great talker. It’s high time that he ______ something instead of just talking. A. will doB. has doneC. doD. did
考点4.would rather 后跟从句时
would rather后接句子时，句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气。
表示与现在或将来相反的愿望时，从句用一般过去时。
I’d rather you came next Saturday. 我宁愿你下星期
六来。
I’d rather she sat next to me. 我宁愿她挨着我坐。表示与过去相反的愿望时用过去完成时。
I’d rather I hadn’t said it. 我真希望我没有这样说过。
12.—Shall we go to the movie tonight?
—No, I’d rather ______ at home with our baby. You’d better not leave it to the babysitter at night.
A. you stayed
B. you stay
C. stayed
D. stay
13.Frankly, I’d ra ther you ______ anything about it for the time being.
A. do
B. don’t do
C. didn’t do
D. will not do
14.【2021江苏】George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he ______ more on its culture.
A. focus
B. focused
C.