摘  要
驱动桥位于传动系末端，其基本功用是增矩、降速，承受作用于路面和车架或车身之间的作用力。它的性能好坏直接影响整车性能，而对于载重汽车显得尤为重要。轻型货车在商用货运汽车生产中占有很大的比重，为满足目前当前载货汽车的高速度、高效率、高效益的需要，必须要搭配一个高效、可靠的驱动桥。因此设计出结构简单、工作可靠、造价低廉的驱动桥，能大大降低整车生产的总成本，推动汽车经济的发展，并且通过对汽车驱动桥的学习和设计实践，可以更好的学习并掌握现代汽车设计与机械设计的全面知识和技能，所以本课题设计一款结构优良的轻型货车驱动桥具有一定的实际意义。
驱动桥设计应主要保证汽车在给定的条件下具有最佳的动力性和燃油经济性。本设计根据给定的参数，按照传统设计方法并参考同类型车确定汽车总体参数，再确定主减速器、差速器、半轴和桥壳的结构类型，最后进行参数设计并对主减速器主、从动齿轮、半轴齿轮和行星齿轮进行强度以及寿命的校核。驱动桥设计过程中基本保证结构合理，符合实际应用，总成及零部件的设计能尽量满足零件的标准化、部件的通用化和产品的系列化及汽车变型的要求，修理、保养方便，机件工艺性好，制造容易。
关键词：驱动桥；单级主减速器；差速器；半轴；桥壳
ABSTRACT
Drive axle is at the end of the power train, and its basic function is increasing汽车结构图 the torque and reducing the speed, bearing the force between the road and the frame or body. Its performance will have a direct impact on automobile performance .Because using the big power engine with the big driving torque satisfied the need of high speed，heavy-loaded，high efficiency，high benefit today’ heavy truck，must exploiting the high driven efficiency single reduction final drive axle is becoming the heavy truck’ developing tendency. Because using the big power engine with the big driving torque satisfied the need of high speed, heavy-loaded, high efficiency, high benefit today` truck, must exploiting the high driven efficiency single reduction final drive axle is becoming the trucks’ developing tendency. Design a simple, reliable, low cost of the drive axle, can greatly reduce the total cost of vehicle production, and promote the economic development of automobile and automotive drive axle of the study and design practice, can better learn and to master modern automoti
ve design and mechanical design of a comprehensive knowledge and skills, so the title of the fine structure of the design of a pickup vehicle drive axle has a certain practical significance.
According to the design parameters given ,firstly determine the overall vehicle parameters in accordance with the traditional design methods and reference the same vehicle parameters, then identify the main reducer, differential, axle and axle housing structure type, finally design the parameters of the main gear, the driven gear of the final drive, axle gears and spiral bevel gear and check the strength and life of them. In design process of the drive axle, we should ensure a reasonable structure, practical applications, the design of assembly and parts as much as possible meeting requirements of the standardization of parts, components and products’ universality and the serialization and change , convenience of repair and maintenance, good mechanical technology, being easy to manufacture.
Key words: Drive axle; Single reduction final drive; Differential; Axle; Drive Axle housing
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