超详细的It的用法归纳总结(附习题及答案)
一、It是代词
指除人以外的一切生物和事物,用来指代时间、季节、天气距离、环境。在这里,i是一个虚词,没有任何实际意义。例如:
①It is a quarter to eight now.
现在是八点差一刻。
②It is midnight. 现在是午夜。
③It is time for breakfast.
现在是吃早饭的时间。
④-What is the date today?今天几月几号?
--It is December 3rd. 十二月三号。
⑤--What season is it?现在是什么季节?
--It is summer. 夏季。
⑥--What is the weather like today?
今天天气如何?
--It is fine.天气很好。
--It is foggy and wet.天气多雾又潮湿。
⑧How far is it from the bus station to your home? 从汽车站到你们家有多远?
⑨It is around five miles to the shopping center.从这儿到购物中心大约有五英里。
二、It用作主语
用来指代文中出现过的人或事。
it此时可用来代替一个名词,一个短语,一个从句或一个句子。在句中可指生物,非生物,不明性别的人,也可以指一个动作或件事情(人物型),还可以指人或事物的身份(指示型)。在这里,it是有实际意义的。例如:
①--What is this?这是什么?
--It is a computer.这是一台计算机。
②--What is that?那是什么?
--It is a map.那是一张地图。
③--Where is the dog?狗在哪儿?
--It is lying under the tree.它在树下面躺着呢。
汽车it④--Where is the post office?邮局在哪儿?
--It is near the hospital 在小医院附近。
⑤--Who is that man?那个人是谁?
--It is my brother.是我哥哥。
⑥He tried to get rid of smoking,but it was impossible.他尝试着戒烟,但那是不可能的。
⑦If you exercise every day ,it will keep you well and strong.如果你每天锻炼,你就会变得健康。
三、It作形式主语
为了避免将句中作真主语的不定式、动名词和名词子句置于句首造成头重脚轻,习惯上it可作为形式主语置于句首,指代后面的真正主语,使句子显得流畅。it 作形式主语的句型有:
It+谓语+不定式
It+谓语+动名词
It+谓语+名词性从句
1.不定式具有名词的性质,在句子中可作主语。例如:
It is wise to understand each other
=To understand each other is wise.
互相理解是明智的
记:把it翻译为中文时,it没有实际意义,要把后置的不定式作为主语来翻译。例如:
①It is necessary to have a good sleep before the test for us.
= To have a good sleep before the test for us is necessary.
对我们来说考试前好好睡一觉是很必要的。
②It is wrong to do so.=To do so is wrong.
这样做是错误的。
③It is a bad habit to eat junk food.
= To eat junk food is a bad habit.
吃垃圾食品是一种坏习惯。
④It took us 12 years to complete the project.