亚伯拉罕·林肯在gc7葛底斯堡国家公墓上的演说
吉利美日之星背景知识1863年11月19日,正值美国内战中葛底斯堡战役结束后四个半月,林肯在宾夕法尼亚州葛底斯堡的葛底斯堡国家公墓(Gettysburg National Cemetery)揭幕式中发表是之演说,哀悼在长达5个半月的葛底斯堡之役中阵亡的将士。林肯的演讲于当天第二顺位发表,修辞细腻周密,其后成为美国历史上最伟大的演说之一。出乎意料的是,尽管这场演说名垂青史,声震寰宇,其确切之措辞却颇受争议。五份已知的演说稿,与当时新闻报导中的誊抄本,于若干细节上彼此互异。
Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address (on Nov.19,1863)
    Fourscore and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth upon this continent a new Nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now, we are engaged in a great Civil War, testing whether that Nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting-place for those who here gave their lives that that Nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we sho
dffuld do this.
    87年前,我们的先辈们在这个大陆上创立了一个新国家,它孕育于自由之中,奉行一切人生来平等的原则。现在我们正从事一场伟大的内战,以考验这个国家,或者任何一个孕育于自由和奉行上述原则的国家是否能够长久存在下去。我们在这场战争中的一个伟大战场上集会。烈士们为使这个国家能够生存下去而献出了自己的生命,我们来到这里,是要把这个战场的一部分奉献给他们作为最后安息之所。我们这样做是完全应该而且是非常恰当的。
    But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us, the living, rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us; that from these honored dead, we take increased devotion to that cause for which they g
ave the last full measure of devotion; that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain, that this Nation, under GOD, shall have a new birth of freedom; and that government of the People by the People and for the People shall not perish from the earth.
    但是,从更广泛的意义上来说,这块土地我们不能够奉献,不能够圣化,不能够神化。那些曾在这里战斗过的勇士们,活着的和去世的,已经把这块土地圣化了,这远不是我们微薄的力量所能增减的。我们今天在这里所说的话,全世界不大会注意,也不会长久地记住,但勇士们在这里所做过的事,全世界却永远不会忘记。毋宁说,倒是我们这些还活着的人,应该在这里把自己奉献于勇士们已经如此崇高地向前推进但尚未完成的事业。倒是我们应该在这里把自己奉献于仍然留在我们面前的伟大任务--我们要从这些光荣的死者身上汲取更多的献身精神,来完成他们已经完全彻底为之献身的事业;我们要在这里下定最大的决心,不让这些死者白白牺牲;我们要使国家在上帝福佑下得到自由的新生,要使这个民有、民治、民享的政府永世长存。
Abraham Lincoln
g18报价
亚伯拉罕·林肯
马自达mazda3注释:
(1) Cettysburg: 葛提斯堡。美国宾夕法尼亚州南部边境的小镇。美国内战史上南、北军之间规模最大的关键一仗在此发生,双方死伤各约二万五千人。林肯总统于1863年11月19日在葛提斯堡国家烈士公墓落成典礼上作了这一篇著名的演讲。
(2) "All men are created equal": “一切人生来平等”,是美国第三、四届总统杰佛逊在美国“独立宣言”中写下的名言。 08款奥德赛
(3) so conceived and so dedicated: 指第一句中的 conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposititon that all men are created equal. so 是副词,意为:这样地;如上所述那样地。
(4) are met: 集会。
(5) who here gave their lives that that mation might live: 为了这个国家的生存而献身的......。
定语从句,其中第一个that 是连词,引导目的状语,第二个 that 是指示代词,修饰 nation。
(6) : 我们无法......。这里 we cannot 重复了三次,以加深印象并抒发强烈的情感。这种修饰法称为句首重复(Anaphora),常用于演说和诗歌。
(7) -- that from these honoured dead wew take inccreased devotion ... shall not perish from the earth: 破折号后面以分号隔开的四个以 that 引导的从句是 the great task 的同位语并列结构。