屠秋野1,倪力伟1,杨祥明1,郑恒2,蒋平2
(1.西北工业大学动力与能源学院,西安710072;2.中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司,上海200241)
转子发动机摘要:目前先进的开式转子发动机多采用变桨距、双排共轴对转桨作为推进部件。采用双排桨的气动计算方法,根据单排桨特性图计算对应的双排对转桨特性图,验证对转桨性能计算模型。在双轴涡轮喷气发动机计算模型的基础上,添加动力涡轮、行星差动齿轮和双排对转桨,组成开式转子发动机计算模型。采用该模型研究了开式转子发动机的调节计划,对比了等转速和等叶尖速度调节的不同,以及对开式转子发动机高度速度特性的影响,并使用美国PROOSIS 模型对计算结果进行验证。结果表明:开式转子发动机模型计算精度较高,可较准确地研究不同设计参数和调节规律下发动机的总体性能,其中固定桨扇叶尖速度的调节计划在较低飞行速度下具有高推力、低油耗的优点,可以获得较好的全包线性能。
关键词:开式转子发动机;对转桨;动力涡轮;行星差动齿轮;调节计划;总体性能
中图分类号:V135.12文献标识码:A doi:10.13477/jki.aeroengine.2016.06.006
Research on Open Rotor Engine Caculating Model and Control Schedule
TU Qiu-ye 1,NI Li-wei 1,YANG Xiang-ming 1,ZHENG Heng 2,JIANG Ping 2
(1.School of Power and Energy,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072,China ;2.AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine
Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200241,China )
Abstract:Counter-rotating coaxial propellers with variable pitch blades are mostly implemented in the current advanced open rotor engine.An aerodynamic computing method of counter rotating propellers was verified through calculating the counter-rotating propeller map using two single propeller maps.Basing on the aerodynamic and thermal model of a two-spool turbojet engine,an open rotor performance model was established by adding a power turbine,a differential planetary gearbox and a pair of counter rotating propellers.With this model,the control schedules were studied.The difference between constant propeller speed strategy and constant tip speed strategy ,their influences to the altitude and velocity characteristics were compared respectively.The results were demonstrated to be accurate by using the data of PROOSIS model,and the performance of open rotor engine under various design parameters and different control schedules could be precisely studied.Results show that the constant tip speed strategy had advantage of high thrust with low fuel consumption at a lower flight speed,and better performance of the whole envelope would be obtained.
Key words:open rotor engine;counter rotating propeller;power turbine;differential planetary gearbox;control schedules;overall performance 航空发动机Aeroengine 收稿日期:2016-06-04
作者简介:屠秋野(1971),男,副教授,研究方向为航空发动机总体设计与性能仿真;E-mail:tuqiuye@nwpu.edu。引用格式:第42卷第6期
Vol.42No.6
0引言
开式转子发动机综合了涡桨发动机耗油率低和
涡扇发动机飞行速度高的优点,可用作最大马赫数
0.80左右的民用客机和军用运输机的动力装置。20
世纪70年代的能源危机,使航空领域的研究人员更
加注重航空器的经济性,美国提出并验证了采用高速螺旋桨的开式转子发动机方案。20世纪80年代起,美国对高转速、高飞行速度的桨扇发动机进行了大量研究和测试,其中包括NASA 实施的单排涡扇技术
计划。该计划对一系列不同几何模型进行了风洞测试,研究了其性能和声学特性,表明桨扇发动机比涡扇发动机可以节省15%~40%的燃油,且扭转叶片可以在马赫数0.8的巡航条件下达到80%的净效率并能显