§571.109 Standard No. 109; New pneumatic and certain specialty tires.
S1. Scope.This standard specifies tire dimensions and laboratory test requirements for bead unseating resistance, strength, endurance, and high speed performance; defines tire load ratings; and specifies labeling requirements for passenger car tires.
范围。本标准详细说明了轮胎尺寸和进行脱圈阻力试验的要求、强度、耐久性和高速性能；定义了轮胎额定载荷；并详细说明了轿车轮胎的贴标签要求。
S2 Application.This standard applies to new pneumatic radial tires for use on passenger cars manufactured before 1975, new pneumatic bias ply tires, T-type spare tires, ST, FI, and 8-12 rim diameter and below tires for use on passenger cars manufactured after 1948. However, it does not apply to any tire that has been so altered so as to render impossible its use, or its repair for use, as motor vehicle equipment.
应用。本标准适用于新的充气子午线轮胎（用于1975年以前制造的轿车）、新的充气斜纹帘布层轮胎、T 型备胎、ST轮胎、FI轮胎和轮辋直径小于等于8-12（用于1948年以前制造的轿车）的轮胎。然而，本标准不适用于任何由于机动车辆设备，已经严重变形导致无法继续使用，或无法维修后使用的轮胎。
S3. Definitions.定义。
Bead means that part of the tire made of steel wires, wrapped or reinforced by ply cords, that is shaped to fit the rim.
胎圈指轮胎放置在轮辋上的部分，由钢丝构成及用帘布层包裹或加固。
Bead separation means a breakdown of bond between components in the bead area.
胎圈脱层指胎圈区中部件之间的连接分裂。
Bias ply tire means a pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at alternate angles substantially less than 90° to the centerline of the tread.
斜纹帘布层轮胎指一种充气轮胎，其中帘布层延伸到胎圈并且基本上以小于90°的交错角配设直到胎面的中心线。
Carcass means the tire structure, except tread and sidewall rubber.
胎体指除胎面和轮胎壁橡胶之外的结构。
Chunking means the breaking away of pieces of the tread or sidewall.
崩花指胎面或轮胎壁破坏分裂出去的碎屑。
Cord means the strands forming the plies in the tire.
帘线指构成轮胎帘布层结构的线绳。
Cord separation means cords parting away from adjacent rubber compounds.
帘线折断指帘线脱离了相邻的橡胶配合物。
Cracking means any parting within the tread, sidewall, or innerliner of the tire extending to cord material.
裂口指胎面、轮胎壁，或轮胎内衬延伸到帘布层出现的断面裂口。
Groove means the space between two adjacent tread ribs.
凹槽指两个相邻的胎面花纹条间的空间。
Innerliner means the layer(s) forming the inside surface of a tubeless tire that contains the inflating medium within the tire.
内衬指带有充气介质的无内胎轮胎内表面的层结构。
Innerliner separation means the parting of the innerliner from cord material in the carcass.
内衬断裂指胎体内的内衬与帘布材料分离。
Load rating means the maximum load a tire is rated to carry for a given inflation pressure.
额定载荷指轮胎在既定充气压力下，额定的可以承载的最大载荷。
Maximum permissible inflation pressure means the maximum cold inflation pressure to which a tire may be inflated.
最大允许充气压力指轮胎可以被充的最大的冷气压力。
Maximum load rating means the load rating at the maximum permissible inflation pressure for that tire.
最大额定载荷指在轮胎在最大允许充气压力下，该轮胎的额定载荷。
Open splice means any parting at any junction of tread, sidewall, or innerliner that extends to cord material.
接头裂开指胎面、轮胎壁或内衬延伸到帘布材料的各个连接处出现裂口。
Overall width means the linear distance between the exteriors of the sidewalls of an inflated tire, including elevations due to labeling, decorations, or protective bands or ribs.
总宽度指充气轮胎的轮胎壁外侧之间的直线距离，包括标号、装饰物或者防护带或花纹的高度。
Ply means a layer of rubber-coated parallel cords.
帘布层指一层覆盖橡胶的平行帘线。
Ply separation means a parting of rubber compound between adjacent plies.
帘布脱层指相邻帘布层间的橡胶配合物断裂。
Pneumatic tire means a mechanical device made of rubber, chemicals, fabric and steel or other materials, which, when mounted on an automotive wheel, provides the traction and contains the gas or fluid that sustains the load.
充气轮胎指一种由橡胶、化学物质、织物和钢材或者其他材料制成的机械装置，当放置在汽车车轮上时，提供牵引力并储存承受载荷的气体或液体。
Radial ply tire means a pneumatic tire in which the ply cords which extend to the beads are laid at substantially 90° to the centerline of the tread.
子午线轮胎指一种充气轮胎，其中帘布层延伸到胎圈并且基本上90°的交错角配设直到胎面的中心线。
Rim means a metal support for a tire or a tire and tube assembly upon which the tire beads are seated.
轮辋指一种用于支撑轮胎或轮胎和轮胎内胎组件的金属支架，其上放置有轮胎胎圈。
Section width means the linear distance between the exteriors of the sidewalls of an inflated tire, excluding elevations due to labeling, decoration, or protective bands.
横截面宽度指充气轮胎壁外侧间的直线距离，不包括标号、装饰物或防护带高度。
Sidewall means that portion of a tire between the tread and the bead.
轮胎壁指位于胎面和胎圈之间的轮胎部分。
Sidewall separation means the parting of the rubber compound from the cord material in the sidewall.
轮胎壁断裂指轮胎壁中的橡胶配合物与帘布材料断裂。
Test rim means, with reference to a tire to be tested, any rim that is listed as appropriate for use with that tire in accordance with S4.4. For purposes of this section and §571.110, each rim listing shall include dimensional specifications and a diagram of the rim.
试验轮辋指，与待测试轮胎相关，S4.4所列的任何适用于该轮胎的轮辋。根据本章节以及§571.110，每个轮辋清单应包括尺寸规格和轮辋示意图。
Tread means that portion of a tire that comes into contact with the road.
胎面指接触路面的轮胎部分。
Tread rib means a tread section running circumferentially around a tire.
胎面花纹条指绕着轮胎，沿着圆周方向布置的胎面截面。
Tread separation means pulling away of the tread from the tire carcass.
胎面剥落指胎面从胎体上离开。
S4. Requirements.要求。
S4.1 Size and construction.Each tire shall be designed to fit each rim specified for its size designation in each reference cited in the definition of test rim in S3.
尺寸和结构。每个轮胎的设计应与每个规格指定的轮辋匹配，其规格为S3中试验轮辋的定义中引用的每个参考物的尺寸规格。
S4.2 Performance requirements.性能要求。
S4.2.1 General.Each tire shall conform to each of the following:
概述。每个轮胎应遵守下列要求：
(a) It shall meet the requirements specified in S4.2.2 for its tire size designation, type, and maximum permissible inflation pressure.
轮胎应满足S4.2.2规定的关于轮胎尺寸规格、类型和最大允许充气压力的要求。
(b) Its maximum permissible inflation pressure shall be either 32, 36, 40, or 60 psi, or 240, 280, 300, 340, or 350 kPa.
轮胎的最大允许充气压力应为32、36、40或60 psi，或者240、280、300、340或350 kPa。
(c) Its load rating shall be that specified in a submission made by an individual manufacturer, pursuant to S4.4.1(a), or in one of the publications described in S4.4.1(b) for its size designation, type and each appropriate inflation pressure.If the maximum load rating for a particular tire size is shown in more than one of the publications described in S4.4.1(b), each tire of that size designation shall have a maximum load rating that is not less than the published maximum load rating, or if there are differing maximum load ratings for the same tire size designation, not less than the lowest published maximum load rating.
轮胎的额定载荷应是与轮胎尺寸规格、类型和每个适用充气压力相关的S4.4.1(a)中单独制造商提交的清单，或S4.4.1(b)中任意指定出版物中规定的值。如果多个S4.4.1(b)中指定出版物中展示了特定轮胎的最大额定载荷，则该尺寸规格的每个轮胎的最大额定载荷不得低于出版的最大额定载荷，或者如果同一尺寸规格轮胎的最大额定载荷在不同出版物中存在差异，不得低于出版的最低额定载荷。
(d) It shall incorporate a tread wear indicator that will provide a visual indication that the tire has worn t
o a tread depth of 1.6 mm ( 1⁄16 inch).
轮胎应包含胎面磨耗标记，该标记在轮胎磨损的胎纹深度已达1.6 mm（1⁄16英寸）时，提供目测指示。
(e) It shall, before being subjected to either the endurance test procedure specified in S5.4 or the high speed performance procedure specified in S5.5, exhibit no visual evidence of tread, sidewall, ply, cord, innerliner, or bead separation, chunking, broken cords, cracking, or open splices.
在进行S5.4中规定的耐久性试验程序或S5.5中规定的高速性能试验前，轮胎应不存在胎面剥离、轮胎壁脱层、帘布脱层、帘线折断、内衬断裂或者胎圈脱层、崩花、帘线折断、破裂或接头裂开迹象。
(f) It shall meet the requirements of S4.2.2.5 and S4.2.2.6 when tested on a test wheel described in S5.4.2.1 either alone or simultaneously with up to 5 other tires.
在S5.4.2.1所述的试验车轮上单独测试或者与多达五个其他轮胎同时测试时，轮胎应满足S4.2.2.5和S4.2.2.6规定的要求。
S4.2.2 Test requirements.试验要求。
S4.2.2.1 Test sample.For each test sample use:
试验样品。每个试验样品的用途：
(a) One tire for physical dimensions, resistance to bead unseating, and strength, in sequence;
一个轮胎用于依次进行实际尺寸测量、脱圈阻力和脱圈强度试验；
(b) Another tire for tire endurance; and
第二个轮胎用于轮胎耐久性试验；以及
(c) A third tire for high speed performance.
第三个轮胎用于高速性能试验。
S4.2.2.2 Physical dimensions.The actual section width and overall width for each tire measured in accordance with S5.1, shall not exceed the section width specified in a submission made by an individual manufacturer, pursuant to S4.4.1(a) or in one of the publications described in S4.4.1(b) for its size designation and type by more than:
实际尺寸。依照S5.1测量的每个轮胎的实际横截面宽度和总宽度超过，与轮胎尺寸规格和类型相关的S4.
4.1(a)中单独制造商提交的清单，或S4.4.1(b)中指定任意出版物中规定的横截面宽度的程度不得多于：
(a) (For tires with a maximum permissible inflation pressure of 32, 36, or 40 psi) 7 percent, or
（对于最大允许充气压力为32、36或40 psi的轮胎）7%，或者
(b) (For tires with a maximum permissible inflation pressure of 240, 280, 300, 340 or 350 kPa, or 60 psi) 7 percent or 10 mm (0.4 inches), whichever is larger.
（对于最大允许充气压力为240、280、300、340或者350 kPa或60 psi）7%或者10 mm（0.4英寸），其中较大值。
S4.2.2.3 Tubeless tire resistance to bead unseating.
无内胎轮胎脱圈阻力。
S4.2.2.3.1 When a tubeless tire that has a maximum inflation pressure other than 420 kPa (60 psi) is tested in accordance with S5.2, the applied force required to unseat the tire bead at the point of contact shall be not less than:
当依照S5.2对最大充气压力不是420 kPa (60 psi)的无内胎轮胎进行测试时，轮胎胎圈脱离接触点所需的外加力不得低于：
(a) 6,670 N (1,500 pounds) for tires with a designated section width of less than 160 mm (6 inches); 6,670 N（1,500磅），对于规定的横截面宽度小于160 mm (6英寸)的轮胎，；
(b) 8,890 N (2,000 pounds) for tires with a designated section width of 160 mm (6 inches) or more but less than 205 mm (8 inches);
8,890 N（2,000磅），对于规定的横截面宽度大于等于160 mm (6英寸)但是小于205 mm (8英寸)的轮胎；
(c) 11,120 N (2,500 pounds) for tires with a designated section width of 205 mm (8 inches) or more, using the section width specified in a submission made by an individual manufacturer, pursuant to S4.4.1(a), or in one of the publications described in S4.4.1(b) for the applicable tire size designation and type.
11,120 N（2,500磅），对于规定的横截面宽度大多等于205 mm（8英寸）的轮胎，使用与轮胎尺寸规格和类型相关的S4.4.1(a)中单独制造商提交的清单，或S4.4.1(b)中指定任意出版物中规定的横截面宽度。
S4.2.2.3.2 When a tire that has a maximum inflation pressure of 420 kPa (60 psi) is tested in accordance with S5.2, the applied force required to unseat the bead at the point of contact shall be not less than:
当依照S5.2对最大充气压力为420 kPa (60 psi)的轮胎进行测试时，轮胎胎圈脱离接触点所需的外加力不得低于：
(a) 6,670 N (1,500 pounds) for tires with a maximum load rating of less than 399 kg (880 pounds); 6,670 N（1,500磅），对于最大额定载荷小于399 kg (880磅)的轮胎；
(b) 8,890 N (2,000 pounds) for tires with a maximum load rating of 399 kg (880 pounds) or more but less than 635 kg (1,400 pounds);
8,890 N（2,000磅），对于最大额定载荷大于等于399 kg (880磅)但是小于635 kg（1400磅）的轮胎；
(c) 11,120 N (2,500 pounds) for tires with a maximum load rating of 635 kg (1,400 pounds) or more, using the maximum load rating marked on the sidewall of the tire.
11,120 N（2,500磅），对于最大额定载荷大于等于635 kg（1400磅）的轮胎，使用轮胎壁上标注的最大额定载荷。
S4.2.2.4 Tire strength..Each tire shall meet the requirements for minimum breaking energy specified in Table 1 when tested in accordance with S5.3.
轮胎强度。依照S5.3测试轮胎时，每个轮胎应满足表I中规定的最低破坏能要求。
S4.2.2.5 Tire endurance.When the tire has been subjected to the laboratory endurance test specified in S5.4, using a test rim that undergoes no permanent deformation and allows no loss of air through the portion that it comprises of the tire-rim pressure chamber:
轮胎耐久性。如果已对轮胎进行了S5.4中所述的耐久性试验，使用不发生永久性变形且不允许气流通过压力室的轮辋使：
(a) There shall be no visual evidence of tread, sidewall, ply, cord, innerliner, or bead separation, chunking, broken cords, cracking, or open splices.
不存在胎面剥离、轮胎壁脱层、帘布脱层、帘线折断、内衬断裂或者胎圈脱层、崩花、帘线折断、破裂或接头裂开迹象。
(b) The tire pressure at the end of the test shall be not less than the initial pressures specified in S5.4.1.1.
试验结束时，轮胎压力应不低于S5.4.1.1中规定的初始压力。
S4.2.2.6 High speed performance.When the tire has been subjected to the laboratory high speed performance test specified in S5.5, using a test rim that undergoes no permanent deformation and allows no loss of air through the portion that it comprises of the tire-rim pressure chamber, the tire shall meet the requirements set forth in S4.2.2.5 (a) and (b).
高速性能试验。如果已对轮胎进行了S5.5中所述的高速性能试验，使用不经受永久变形并不允许通过轮胎轮辋压力舱的组成部分流失空气的试样轮辋，该轮胎应满足 S4.2.2.5 (a)和(b)中规定的要求：
S4.3 Labeling Requirements.Except as provided in S4.3.1 and S4.3.2 of this standard, each tire, except for those certified to comply with S5.5 of §571.139, shall have permanently molded into or onto both sidewalls, in letters and numerals not less than 0.078 inches high, the information shown in paragraphs S4.3 (a) through (g) of this standard.On at least one sidewall, the information shall be positioned in an area between the maximum section width and bead of the tire, unless the maximum section width of the tire falls between the bead and one-fourth of the distance from the bead to the shoulder of the tire.For tires where the maximum section width falls in that area, locate all required labeling between the bead and a point one-half the distance from the bead to the shoulder of the tire.H
owever, in no case shall the information be positioned on the tire so that it is obstructed by the flange or any rim designated for use with that tire in Standards Nos. 109 and 110 (Sec. 571.109 and Sec. 571.110 of this part).
标记要求。除非本标准S4.3.1和S4.3.2中另有规定，否则，除了那些经验证遵守§571.139中S5.5规定的轮胎之外，每个轮胎必须永久在轮胎壁塑上字样，字母和数字高度不得低于0.078英寸，标记信息参考本标准S4.3中，第(a)至(g)段落。至少一个轮胎壁上，信息应显示在轮胎最大横截面宽度和胎面中间区域，除非轮胎的最大横截面宽度位于胎面和胎面到胎肩距离的四分之一位置的中间。如果轮胎最大横截面宽度位于该区域，则所有所需的标记应置于胎面和胎面到胎肩距离的二分之一位置的中间。然而，在任何情况下，轮胎上标记信息的位置不得阻碍法兰或任何轮辋在指定轮胎的应用，按照第109号和第110号标准（本标准的第571.109条和第571.110条）。
(a) One size designation, except that equivalent inch and metric size designations may be used;
统一的尺寸规格，除非可以使用等值的英制和公制尺寸规格；
(b) Maximum permissible inflation pressure;
最大允许充气压力；
(c) Maximum load rating;
最大额定载荷；
(d) The generic name of each cord material used in the plies (both sidewall and tread area) of the tire;
轮胎帘布层（轮胎壁和胎面区域）中使用的每种帘布材料的通用名称；
(e) Actual number of plies in the sidewall, and the actual number of plies in the tread area if different; 轮胎壁中帘布层的实际层数，以及胎圈区域中帘布层的实际层数（如果两者存在差异）；
(f) The words “tubeless” or “tube type” as applicable; and
“无内胎”或“内胎轮胎”相关字样；以及
(g) The word “radial” if the tire is a radial ply tire.
“子午线”，如果轮胎是子午线轮胎。
S4.3.1 Each tire shall be labeled with the symbol DOT in the manner specified in part 574 of this chapter, which shall constitute a certification that the tire conforms to applicable Federal motor vehicle
safety standards.
每个轮胎上应贴有按照本章节第574部分规定的方式贴的DOT标志，该认证标志将验证轮胎遵守相关的联邦机动车辆安全标准。
S4.3.2 Each tire shall be labeled with the name of the manufacturer, or brand name and number assigned to the manufacturer in the manner specified in part 574.
每个轮胎上应贴有制造商名称，或品牌名称以及按照第574部分规定的方式分配给制造商的数量。
S4.3.3 [Reserved][保留]
轮胎帘布S4.3.4 If the maximum inflation pressure of a tire is 240, 280, 300, 340, or 350 kPa, then:
如果轮胎的最大充气压力为240、280、300、340或者350kPa，则：
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