美国历届总统简介：第13任总统 米勒德菲尔莫尔
林肯简介Millard Fillmore was born in the Finger Lakes country of New York in 1800. He was the 13th President of the United States, serving from 1850-1853. As a youth, he endured the hardships of frontier life and lived in a log cabin. His rise to wealth and the White House demonstrated that through hard work and some ability, an uninspiring man could make the American dream come true.
米勒德菲尔莫尔于1800年诞生在纽约五指湖区。他是US第13任总统，任期自1850年至1853年。青年时期，他守着自己的小木屋，过着艰苦的边疆生活。成为富人住进白宫后，他曾说道，通过努力工作，凭借一些能耐，“平凡之人也能实现US梦。”
In 1823 he was admitted to the bar; seven years later he moved his law practice to Buffalo, in New York state. He held state office and for eight years was a member of the House of Representatives. In 1848, he was elected Vice President. He presided over the Senate during the months of nerve-wracking debates over the Compromise of 1850 when the south wanted to leave the Union.
1823年，他被法院录用；七年后，他到纽约州布法罗践行法律。他曾当选纽约州议会议员，并在US众议院服务了八年。1848年，他被选为US副总统。1850年，他主持US参议院长达数月，当时南方意图脱离US联邦，参议院就和解协议一事争辩不休。
The sudden death of President Zachary Taylor in July 1850 elevated Fillmore to President. One of his first bills was the Fugitive Slave Act, in which runaway slaves had to be returned to their owners. Opponents nicknamed it the Bloodhound Law after the dogs used to hunt escaped slaves. He also saw California become the 31st state and abolished the slave trade (but not slavery) in the District of Columbia.
1850年7月，扎卡里泰勒突然逝世，菲尔莫尔得以继任US总统。他颁布的第一个法案是《逃奴法案》，该法案规定，逃跑的奴隶必需回到奴隶主身边。反对派将该法案比方为追捕逃跑奴隶的猎狗“血腥猎犬法案”（Bloodhound Law）。同时，在他任职US总统期间，加利福尼亚成为了US的第31个州，哥伦比亚特区的奴隶买卖（不是奴隶制）被废止。
He was quite active with his foreign policy. He championed the rising trade with Japan and sent Commodore Matthew C. Perry to establish relations with the Japanese. He quashed N
apoleon IIIs attempt to annex Hawaii by threatening military action, and did likewise with the British over their efforts to invade Cuba. Out of office, he opposed President Lincoln throughout the Civil War. He died on March 8, 1874.
在制定外交政策方面，菲尔莫尔表现得很乐观。他提倡与日本之间的贸易往来，还派海军准将马休佩里前往日本建立外交关系。他遏止了拿破仑三世试图通过武力威逼吞并夏威夷的企图，同时，和英国人一样，他也热衷于侵害古巴。在卸任US总统之后，同时也是US内战爆发期间，他对US总统林肯始终持反对意见。1874年3月8日，菲尔莫尔逝世。