Unit17Whatwasitusedfor示例二
参考教案 教学建议 教学建议(Suggested teaching notes)
一、教学内容分析
本单元主要围绕“方向和常见标志语(Directions and some signs)”这两个日常交际项目和一般过去时被动语态来安排教学内容。询问方向及其答语,与本单元语法要点--一般过去时的被动语态是以往所学知识的加深和扩展,而本单元的语言结构与词汇之间又存在着紧密自然的联系。
第65课展示一幅街道平面图。通过询问由某处去另一处的路线,来复习第二册学习过的有关询问方向的固定表达法,并学习一些新的表达法,同时复习和学习一组地点、建筑物和机构名称。
第66课通过一学生参观博物馆、谈论展品的情景,自然地引出一般过去时被动语态,使学生在学习了第16单元一般现在时被动语态后,对一般过去时被动语态的应用有了感性的认识。本课设计体现了语法项目的呈现与典型的交际情景自然结合的特点,为在情景中教学语法知识提
供了条件和素材。
第67课展示了博物馆内的几幅场景,来引导学生学习几种常见标志(signs)。第68课提供了听力练习,来训练学生仿照听力练习和范例,写一篇描写某物品的文章。
二、教学方法建议
(一)口语教学
本单元教学的交际功能项目是“问路与指路”,这个项目已在初中第二册第9单元和第22单元出现过,所以在本课引入新语言点时,要注意以旧带新,在复习已学过的知识基础上,引入新知识。第65课首先以显著的位置提供了一幅地图,要求学生Look and say,其次又安排了Read and act的练习。Look and say为Read and act提供了按照地图练习的依据,而Read and act导出say的内容。在第三部分Practise中,say的内容又有加深和扩展。首先教师可利用第二册学生用书第4页的彩图或简笔画,复习一些机构和建筑物名称;也可让学生做一个名为“What's in your street?”的游戏。课前教师预先制作好一组卡片,上面分别绘有不同的图案和与其相应的机构和建筑物名称。注意卡片应是可以任意移动和自由组合的。然后再绘制一幅简单的地图。如下图:
学生依照地图和卡片的位置,复习已学过的句型:
A: Where's the …?
B: It's next to the … /in front of the … /behind the … /on the left (right) of … .从第一册至本单元(按册次和单元顺序排列)已学过的机构和建筑物地点名称大致有:第一册 school, middle school, room, classroom, house
第二册 zoo, hospital, bus stop, post office, station, police station, bookshop, building, cinema, waiting room, garden
第三册library, reading room, centre, lab, market, bridge, museum, crossing教师在地图上确定某一位置,然后向全班询问从这一位置到达某地的路线,复习下列句并用白粉笔板书在黑板一侧。
Excuse me. Where's…, please?
Which is the way to…, please?
Go along this street (road).
Take the second/… turning on the right (left).
Walk along this road.
Turn right/left.
Go on until you reach the end.
You'll see the… 'on the right/left.
教师可视情况适当组织学生做两人一组操练,但占用对间不宜过长。
下一步教师使用教学挂图或将第65课的插图制成投影片展示出来。要求学生合上书,看图听课文录音3遍。在听的过程中,教师可给适当的提示,要求学生在理解的基础上,出本课新出现的表达法,并将问句和答语分别用不同颜的粉笔板书在黑板的另一侧。
教师可对新句型作适当的讲解,然后要求学生熟悉新句型。这时可安排全班、半班、行排之
间的机械性操练活动。在学生未掌握好新语言点之前,不要有过多的两人活动或个人课堂提问。操练的具体内容基本上不超出第65课。
学生的练习将由机械性操练转向半交际性训练。教师依据本课的地图,确定某一起点或终点,学生互换角做两人一组练习,完成问路与指路的交际任务。对话可以这样展开:
T: Suppose you stand between the museum and the bookshop. Ask B the way to the market.
教师抽查数组后,可让学生自行问答,再抽数组上台表演。然后做练习册第65课练习1和2以达到口笔头巩固的目的。
这项活动也可以扩展到课堂外,如用学校所在地的地图或特意设计的简易地图来训练学生,如下图:
交际训练的过程是这样的:学生做两人一组练习,学生A持有一张带路线标志的地图,而学生B的地图上没有这些信息。两人做问答练习,学生B边练边完成路线图,最后使两张地图完全一样。另一种练习形式是学生A,B所持有的地图上各有对方没有的信息,两人通过问答来
完成各自的路线图。
最后教师与学生一起归纳所学过的有关方向的表达法。课堂上可举行一个小竞赛。全班分为两组,看哪组列举出的句子多。
问路:Where's…?
How can I get to…?
Which is the way to the…, please?
Can you tell me the way to the…, please?
Could you tell me how to get to the…, please?
Could you tell me how I can get to the…, please?
Which bus can take me to the…?
Which bus can I catch to the…?
Could you tell me which bus can take me to the…, please?
指路:It's over there.
It's between…and….
It's at the end of the street.
Go across the bridge and….
Go along this road and….
Go up this road to the end.
Turn left/right at the second/… crossing and you will find… on the left/right.
Go down this street, then take the second/… turning on the left/right.
You can't miss it!
Take the No… bus and it will take you straight there.
(二)语法教学
本单元的语法重点是一般过去时被动语态。第16单元已经教学了一般现在时被动语态,所以本单元语法教学应将复习与教新课相结合。
教师先依次出示圆有cotton, jacket, wool, coats, thermos图案的卡片,复习一般现在时的被动语态,引出下列对话:
1.T: What's this?指路标志
Ss: It's cotton.
T: Where's cotton grown?
Ss: It's grown in….
2.T: Is this a jacket?
Ss: Yes, it is.
T: What's it made of?
Ss: I think it's made of cotton.
3.T: What's this?
Ss: It's wool.
T: Where's it produced?
Ss: It's produced in/at….
T: What's (the) wool used for?
Ss: It's used for making sweaters or coats.
T: Look at these coats. They're made of wool.
4.T: What's this?
Ss: It's a thermos.
T: What's it made of?
Ss: The inside is made of glass and the outside is made of metal.(教师
给予适当的提示)
T: What's it used for?
Ss: It's used for keeping water hot.
为了降低难度,第4段对话也可先让学生仿照前三段对话来提问,教师来回答。然后交换。还可以给学生适当的时间让他们做半班,行排与两人一组的连锁问答。
然后教师让学生阅读第66课。在阅读前,设置一些问题,使学生们带着问题有目的地进行快速阅读。
T: Now we are going to read a passage about a group of girls visiting a museum. After reading, you'll have to tell me what the girls saw in the museum and what these things were made of and what they were used for. Which of these things is modern and whichis ol
d?
阅读完毕,教师将有关某一物品的问题和学生们的回答板书在黑板上,一般过去时被动语态中was和were要彩笔标出。全班,半班进行问答练习。
让学生分别就 a king's hat, a drinking cup, a teapot in another pot, a thermos等物品,依照黑板上的问答,进行两人一组对话练习。抽查若干组对话。
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