英文文献
In recent years, with the continuous development of national economy, all countries in the world especially developing countries, led by China, India, the rapid growth of car ownership. Automobile exhaust emission for the damage caused by the natural environment and human living environment is more and more obvious; Cars need rising oil consumption, the international energy supply tensions, human production and way of life has come to have to change from time to time. Brought by the traditional automobile energy consumption and climate warming have not allow to ignore. Under such background, the development of new energy vehicles to reduce the pollution of the environment, ease the oil shortage has important significance.
New energy vehicles include hybrid electric vehicles, pure electric vehicles, including solar cars), fuel cell electric vehicles and other new energy vehicles, etc. Different from other conventional vehicles, new energy vehicles use unconventional fuel as power source, has the advantages of low emission even zero emission pollution to the environment pressure i
小客车摇号申请
s small, has a very broad prospects. A hybrid car is the key to a hybrid system, its performance is directly related to the overall performance of a hybrid car. After more than ten years of technology development, the hybrid system has been from the original engine and the discrete structure of the motor to the development of engine, motor and transmission integration structure, namely integrated hybrid system.
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A hybrid car is the electric car with the combination of the traditional internal combustion engine vehicle, it inherits the low-emission electric cars, the advantages of low noise, and played a common fuel cars and the advantages of high power, high torque significantly improved the traditional internal combustion engine vehicle emissions and fuel economy, increased the range of pure electric vehicles, by the internal combustion engine cars to electric cars play an important role in the process.
Mixed type hybrid vehicle systems includes the characteristics of series and parallel connection. Power system including engines, generators and motors. Driven by an electric motor driving only when in low speed, when the speed match the engine and elec
tric motor drive the car. This way need power distribution device and generator, etc., so the structure is complex. Pure electric vehicles is a kind of using single battery as energy storage power cars. It USES battery as energy storage power source, through the battery to the electric motor, Drive electric motor operation, thus pushing the car. Pure electric vehicle chassis, body, batteries, electric motors, controller and battery and so on six parts. Due to the electric motor with good traction, so pure electric vehicle drive system does not need the clutch and transmission. Speed regulation system of speed control by the controller through change the speed of the electric motor can be realized. And the difference from the hybrid, pure electric vehicles as a device without the use of internal combustion engine completely, also do not use fuels such as gasoline, diesel, but completely use rechargeable batteries.
shimano变速器The advantage of pure electric vehicles is: first, it itself is not the harmful gas of atmospheric pollution emissions. Even by the equivalent power consumption of power plant emissions, in addition to sulfur and particulate matter, other pollutants was also significantly reduced, because most of power plants built in away from the densely popula
ted cities, less damage in humans, and power plants is stationary, concentration of emissions, remove all kinds of harmful emissions more easily, also have the relevant technology. Due to power can be obtained from a variety of primary energy, such as coal, hydropower, nuclear power, lifting the people fear of petroleum resources became more and more dried up. Second, pure electric vehicles can also make full use of the night when trough the surplus electricity power, make the generating equipment can make full use of day and night, greatly improve the economic benefit. In addition, the pure electric vehicle structure is simple, operation and less driving part, maintenance is convenient.
At present, the pure electric vehicles there are still some technical defects. The main problem is the battery unit weight to store too much electricity, once after a full charge mileage is not ideal; At the same time, high reserves battery service life is short, the cost is high, make the overall cost is higher, pure electric vehicles, of course, it's none of pure electric vehicles to realize commercialization, also can't form scale economy. Therefore, the development of a wide range of pure electric vehicles is the top priority of the development of advanced battery.
神停车Fuel cell car fuel cell is used as the power source of electric vehicles. The battery energy is through the chemistry of hydrogen and oxygen, directly into electricity. Storage of hydrogen and oxygen in the air in the fuel cell produces chemical reaction, generate electricity to start the motor, so as to drive the car. In addition, methanol, hydrogen gas, gasoline, diesel oil can replace. Fuel cell in the process of chemical reaction without burning, so the fuel cell car is no pollution to the environment. At the same time, the energy conversion efficiency of fuel cell is 2 to 3 times higher than the internal combustion engine, so from the aspects of energy utilization and environmental protection, is an ideal vehicle fuel cell car.
Compared with the traditional vehicles, fuel cell vehicles has the following advantages: no pollution, zero emissions. To reduce the greenhouse gas emissions High energy conversion effect. Wide range of fuel selection. In recent years, great progress has been made in fuel cell technology, the world many famous automobile manufacturers such as Toyota, ford, BMW, etc are purposeful, planned to fuel cell vehicles on the market.
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Hydrogen powered cars are divided into hydrogen fuel cell vehicles with hydrogen internal combustion vehicle. The former with ordinary fuel cell cars, by hydrogen fuel cells in liquid hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity in the air to push the car. With hydrogen fuel cell vehicles using different motor, hydrogen is used for car internal combustion engine, by hydrogen gas and air mixture combustion produces energy, so as to move the car. Hydrogen internal combustion vehicle in a zero discharge of hydrogen fuel-cell cars, no pollution, etc.
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