Chapter 14  Forging of Metals汽车万向节
（金属的锻造/锻压）•14.1 Introduction
•14.2 Open-Die Forging
•14.3 Impression-Die and Closed-Die Forging
•14.4 Related Forging Operations
•14.5 Rotary Swaging
•14.6 Forging-Die Design
•14.7 Die Materials and Lubrication
•14.8 Forgeability
•14.9 Forging Machines
•14.10 Forging Practice and Process Capabilities •14.11 Die Manufacturing Methods; Die Failures •14.12 The Economics of Forging
宝马0系
14.1 Introduction
•Forging（锻造/锻压）
–A workpiece is shaped (formed) by compressive forces applied through various dies（模具）and tools（工
东风风行景逸具）.
•one of the oldest metal working processes –4000bc •trationally be performed with a hammer（锤）and anvil（砧/平砧）
•mostly require a set of dies and such equipment as a press（压力机）or a forging hammer（锤锻机）.
•Typical forged products:
–bolts （螺栓）
–rivets （铆钉）
–connecting rods （连杆）
–gears （齿轮）
–shaft （轴）汽油降价
–hand tool （手工具）–structural components （结构组件）
discrete parts
Forging （锻件）
(a)Source : Forging Industry Association.预锻件终锻件
近净形/近成品形状净形/最终形状御天敌是什么车
锻造齿净形
马自达阿特兹挤出花键净形
bevel gear （伞齿轮）
Forging
Figure 14.1  (b) Landing-gear（起落架/着陆装置）components for the C5A and C5B transport aircraft, made by forging.  Source: Wyman-Gordon Company.